- Industry: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
Used in atmospheric dynamics; an approximation in which the Coriolis parameter f is assumed to be invariant with latitude.
Industry:Weather
Used when a cloud forms from a part of another cloud. It is then given the name of the appropriate genus, followed by the name of the genus of the mother-cloud with the addition of the suffix “genitus” (e.g., stratocumulus cumulogenitus). Compare mutatus.
Industry:Weather
Variation, especially back and forth between successive values in a series of observations; or, variations of data points about a smooth curve passing among them.
Industry:Weather
Velocity and length scales that apply to the atmospheric boundary layer during conditions of a statically unstable atmosphere with vigorous thermal circulations and negligible shear-generation of turbulence, such as during a sunny day over land with calm winds. The length scale is zi, the mixed-layer depth, and the velocity scale is w* the Deardorff velocity. A free convection timescale can be created as t* = zi/w*. A free convection temperature scale can be found using the surface kinematic heat flux,. Similar scales can be generated for other variables such as humidity.
Industry:Weather
Turbulence in a free stream, not directly affected by the presence of a boundary.
Industry:Weather
Turbulence that advects with the mean wind and is not statistically changed during the advection process. In measurements, frozen turbulence is also referred to as Taylor's hypothesis, which allows time series measured at a single point to be interpreted as spatial variations.
Industry:Weather
Two forecast integrations started from slightly different (or possibly identical) initial conditions, using two different NWP models, aimed at studying forecast error growth. While identical twin integrations differ only due to initial value differences, fraternal twins also diverge due to differences in model formulation.
Industry:Weather
Turbulence generated by a grid or screen, usually in a wind tunnel or water channel. The turbulence is approximately homogeneous and the turbulence kinetic energy decays as 1/x, where x is the distance downstream.
Industry:Weather
Time interval between the moment of attainment of a gust peak speed and the end of a gust.
Industry:Weather
Those gases, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone, methane, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons, that are fairly transparent to the short wavelengths of solar radiation but efficient at absorbing the longer wavelengths of the infrared radiation emitted by the earth and atmosphere. The trapping of heat by these gases controls the earth's surface temperature despite their presence in only trace concentrations in the atmosphere. Anthropogenic emissions are important additional sources for all except water vapor. Water vapor, the most important greenhouse gas, is thought to increase in concentration in response to increased concentrations of the other greenhouse gases as a result of feedbacks in the climate system.
Industry:Weather
