- Industry: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
Потенциал зоны аэрации для передачи воды в насыщенной зоне.
Industry:Weather
A warm current flowing northeastward along the Norwegian coast. It is the continuation of the North Atlantic Current and discharges about 10 Sv (10 × 10<sup>6</sup> m<sup>3</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>) into the Arctic Ocean. Because its waters are of subtropical origin it has a significant impact on the climate of northern Europe; ports in northern Norway located at 70°N are ice-free throughout the year.
Industry:Weather
A nearly colorless gas, formula O<sub>3</sub>, molecular weight 48, that appears blue in the condensed phase or at high concentration, with a characteristic odor like that of weak chlorine. It is formed in the reaction between atomic oxygen and molecular oxygen:. It is a very strong absorber of ultraviolet radiation, and the presence of the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere provides an ozone shield that prevents dangerous radiation from reaching the earth's surface and allows the existence of life in its present forms. Ozone, produced by photochemical reactions, is found at all altitudes in the atmosphere. The total amount of ozone in the atmosphere would correspond to less than 1 part per million if uniformly distributed, or a column amount of about 3 mm if compressed to sea level pressure. In the troposphere, it is regarded as a pollutant, and its presence in high concentrations can lead to respiratory stress and crop damage. Ozone is an important component of photochemical smog and can also be formed locally by the action of electrical discharges on the air. Ozone in the free troposphere often results from downward transport from the stratosphere. In the stratosphere, ozone is formed following the absorption of radiation by molecular oxygen. Its mixing ratio there can reach several parts per million, and the temperature inversion characteristic of the stratosphere is due to the strong absorption of energy by ozone molecules in this region. In the stratosphere, ozone is destroyed predominantly by catalytic cycles involving free radicals, many of which are formed as products of human activity. Ozone has several radiation absorption bands that are atmospherically important: the very intense Hartley band, between 200 and 300 nm, which is responsible for much of the heating of the upper atmosphere; the Huggins bands, between 320 and 360 nm; the Chappuis bands, between 450 and 650 nm; and infrared bands, centered at 4. 7, 9. 6, and 14. 1 μm. All the above bands have been used for the detection of ozone using various remote sensing techniques. Absorption by ozone in the infrared is responsible for its effectiveness as a greenhouse gas. See Dobson unit.
Industry:Weather
Характерен тежки изчерпване на стратосферния озон, което се случва всяка пролет над Антарктическия континент. Изчерпването е причинено от каталитично разрушаването на озона от хлор, освободена от флуоровъглероди и активира от присъствието на полярни стратосферата облак частици в силен студ на антарктическата стратосферата.
Industry:Weather
Посока на вятъра, най-често наблюдавани по време на определен период от време. Най-често използвани периоди са наблюдателни ден, месец, сезон и година. Методи за определяне варират от просто преброяване на периодични наблюдения за изчисляване на Роза на ветровете. Сравнение на получения вятър.
Industry:Weather
Същото като рентгенови лъчи; рядко използва тези дни. Рентгенови е монетосеченето на Вилхелм Рьонтген, който ги открили.
Industry:Weather
А фиксирана стъпка по стъпка процедурата за изпълнение на даден резултат; обикновено опростена процедура за решаване на един сложен проблем; също така пълно описание на краен брой стъпки.
Industry:Weather
Inorganic salt, formula (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. A large constituent of tropospheric aerosol, due to neutralization of acidic sulfuric acid aerosol by ammonia. Much of the aerosol is partially neutralized, and the formula NH4HSO4, corresponding to ammonium bisulfate, is generally more appropriate. Ammonium sulfate is a solid, crystalline material that deliquesces at relative humidities greater than 75%, eventually forming liquid droplets.
Industry:Weather
Неорганични сол, формула NH4NO3, образувана от неутрализацията на азотна киселина от амоняк. Амониевият нитрат е се втечнява твърди с ниско парно налягане, което впоследствие се образува в атмосферата при висока концентрация на амоняк и азотна киселина, например, се срещат в замърсени градски райони. Той се смята за понякога съставляват значителна част от градската аерозол в епизода смог. Вижте deliquescence.
Industry:Weather
Хидратна форма на амоняка, NH4 +; амониев сулфат и може би амониев нитрат са често срещани в атмосферния аерозол, образувана от частична неутрализация на сярна киселина и азотна киселина, съответно.
Industry:Weather
