- Industry: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
1. (From the Greek potamos, “river. ”) The science of rivers. 2. More specifically, the interdisciplinary branch of hydraulics, hydrology, and fluid dynamics dealing with surface streams and their regimes. Potamology generally focuses on issues of fluvial erosion, transport, and sedimentation; fluvial dynamics; and river metamorphosis or change through time.
Industry:Weather
Two counterrotating tropical cyclones straddling the equator. These occur in the tropical western Pacific and Indian Oceans, and are usually accompanied by westerly wind bursts on and near the equator.
Industry:Weather
A strong, dry, dust-laden desert wind that blows in the Sahara, Palestine, Jordan, Syria, and the desert of Arabia. Its temperature may exceed 54°C and the humidity may fall below 10%. The name means “poison wind” and is given because the sudden onset of a simoom may cause heat stroke. This is attributed to the fact that the hot wind brings more heat to the body than can be disposed of by the evaporation of perspiration.
Industry:Weather
A pressure anemometer consisting of two concentric tubes that are oriented parallel to the flow. The inner tube is open at the upstream end to sense the total pressure, while the outer tube is closed with a rounded contour and has a ring of small static pressure ports a short distance downstream. Each tube is connected to a manometer and the difference between the two pressures, the dynamic pressure, is proportional to the square of the fluid speed.
Industry:Weather
The nearly permanent subtropical high of the North Pacific Ocean centered, in the mean, at 30°–40°N and 140°–150°W. On mean charts of sea level pressure, this high is a principal center of action.
Industry:Weather
Strong straight-line winds associated with nontornadic outflow from strong thunderstorms. Used by Canadian meteorologists, particularly in Manitoba; no longer used in the United States. See'' also'' derecho, downburst.
Industry:Weather
The force due to differences of pressure within a fluid mass. The (vector) force per unit volume is equal to the pressure gradient, −∇''p'', and the force per unit mass (specific force) is equal to the product of the volume force and the specific volume, −α∇''p''. In the atmosphere, the vertical component of this force is of the order of 10<sup>4</sup> times the horizontal component; in meteorological literature the term “pressure force” usually refers only to the latter horizontal pressure force.
Industry:Weather
The angle between any given ray of scattered radiation and the incident ray. Convention varies as to whether this angle is measured with respect to the direction in which the incident radiation was advancing or with respect to the direction from scatterer to radiation source. See scattering.
Industry:Weather
Aviation weather communications code word for radar report. See radar meteorological observation.
Industry:Weather
A logarithmic measure of the relative power, or of the relative values of two flux densities, especially of sound intensities and radio and radar power densities.
The difference ''n'' in decibels between intensities ''I''<sub>2</sub> and ''I''<sub>1</sub> is given by the relation
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Industry:Weather
